【軍事報道】　令和三年六月十日に英コーンウォールにて米ジョセフ　バイデン（壬午）統領と英ボリス　ジョンソン（甲辰）首相は、『新・大西洋憲章』に合意した。第二次大戦期・昭和十六年に米英は「大西洋憲章」を発表。八十年前の当時は「ナチスドイツ」との戦争を想定。今回は独裁主義の中露を想定している。但し、中露を名指ししていない。

三月二十五日にバイデン米統領は、最初の記者会見にて「autocracy or democracy?」と表現。日本の報道では“専制主義”と訳しているが、報道府は“独裁主義”とする。以下は「教育出版」より。

専制政治は「専制」とも呼ばれ，強大な政治権力を持つ支配者によって，独断的に行われる政治体制のことです。
支配される側の国民の政治参加は認められず，支配者を選挙で選ぶわけでもありません。両者が身分的に区別されていた，前近代社会（中世ヨーロッパの君主制など）に多く見られました。

一方，独裁政治は「独裁制」，「独裁体制」とも呼ばれ，ある一個人，少数者，または一党派に絶対的な権力を持つことを，国民が認めた政治体制です。
一般に，社会の混乱時や経済の困窮期に，国民の支持によって出現することが多く，形式上は民主政治に含まれるものと解釈されています

以下が八項目からなる新・大西洋憲章。米ホワイトハウスより。括弧内は報道府。

＜The New Atlantic Charter＞

Today, the President of the United States and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom reaffirm their commitment to work together to realise our vision for a more peaceful and prosperous future. 

Our revitalised Atlantic Charter, building on the commitments and aspirations set out eighty years ago, affirms our ongoing commitment to sustaining our enduring values and defending them against new and old challenges. We commit to working closely with all partners who share our democratic values and to countering the efforts of those who seek to undermine our alliances and institutions. 

（民主主義・法の支配・市民社会と独立報道機関への支援）

First, we resolve to defend the principles, values, and institutions of democracy and open societies, which drive our own national strength and our alliances. We must ensure that democracies – starting with our own – can deliver on solving the critical challenges of our time. We will champion transparency, uphold the rule of law, and support civil society and independent media. We will also confront injustice and inequality and defend the inherent dignity and human rights of all individuals. 

（国際協力・国際秩序・自由経済）

Second, we intend to strengthen the institutions, laws, and norms that sustain international co-operation to adapt them to meet the new challenges of the 21st century, and guard against those that would undermine them. We will work through the rules-based international order to tackle global challenges together; embrace the promise and manage the peril of emerging technologies; promote economic advancement and the dignity of work; and enable open and fair trade between nations. 

（国家主権・領土保全・平和的な紛争解決）

Third, we remain united behind the principles of sovereignty, territorial integrity, and the peaceful resolution of disputes. We oppose interference through disinformation or other malign influences, including in elections, and reaffirm our commitment to debt transparency, sustainability and sound governance of debt relief. So too will we defend key principles such as freedom of navigation and overflight and other internationally lawful uses of the seas. 

（テレワーク推進・新市場の開放・研究投資）

Fourth, we resolve to harness and protect our innovative edge in science and technology to support our shared security and deliver jobs at home; to open new markets; to promote the development and deployment of new standards and technologies to support democratic values; to continue to invest in research into the biggest challenges facing the world; and to foster sustainable global development.

（サイバ脅威への集団安保・ＮＡＴＯの核同盟・テロ取締り）

Fifth, we affirm our shared responsibility for maintaining our collective security and international stability and resilience against the full spectrum of modern threats, including cyber threats. We have declared our nuclear deterrents to the defence of NATO and as long as there are nuclear weapons, NATO will remain a nuclear alliance. Our NATO Allies and partners will always be able to count on us, even as they continue to strengthen their own national forces. We pledge to promote the framework of responsible State behaviour in cyberspace, arms control, disarmament, and proliferation prevention measures to reduce the risks of international conflict. We remain committed to countering terrorists who threaten our citizens and interests.

（持続可能な世界経済の構築・金融の安定性と透明性の強化）

Sixth, we commit to continue building an inclusive, fair, climate-friendly, sustainable, rules-based global economy for the 21st century. We will strengthen financial stability and transparency, fight corruption and illicit finance, and innovate and compete through high labour and environmental standards.

（気候危機）

Seventh, the world has reached a critical point where it must act urgently and ambitiously to tackle the climate crisis, protect biodiversity, and sustain nature. Our countries will prioritise these issues in all our international action.

（公衆衛生の強化）

Eighth, we recognise the catastrophic impact of health crises, and the global good in strengthening our collective defences against health threats. We commit to continuing to collaborate to strengthen health systems and advance our health protections, and to assist others to do the same. 

Joseph R. Biden, Jr.

Boris Johnson, M.P.

June 10, 2021

写真：Biden and Johnson’s ‘New Atlantic Charter’ Has Big Shoes to Fill／Council on Foreign Relations